It can be tough to write fiction about real people and events – especially when the events in question occurred centuries ago, the people involved are long dead, and contemporaneous records are relatively limited. Hannah Kent really shot for the stars with her debut novel, Burial Rites, a historical crime drama set in Northern Iceland in 1929, based on the real execution of the convicted murderess Agnes Magnúsdóttir.

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In both the book and real life, Agnes was condemned to death as an accessory to the murder of two men. Agnes was a housemaid, and one of the victims was her ‘master’ (the other being his houseguest). While she awaited execution, she was sent to live and work on the family farm of a District Officer – an informal ‘custodial holding’ arrangement for various bureaucratic reasons – and placed in the care of a young reverend.
All of this is firmly established in the historical record, and Kent uses that as the starting point around which she builds Burial Rites. She says in her author’s note that she wanted to portray Agnes more ambiguously than other historical records have done. Agnes is widely depicted as a Lady Macbeth-type figure, with a reputation for (as Kent herself puts it in Burial Rites) “a sharp tongue and loose skirts”, but Kent’s depiction delves more deeply into what could have possibly motivated her crimes – and, as such, engenders more sympathy.
Agnes’s story is revealed very gradually over the course of the novel (so gradually, in fact, that I often lost track of who was what to whom and where they were headed). She was hired along with another (much younger, and dumber) housekeeper to work for Natan Ketilsson, and eventually the two women conspired with Natan’s neighbour Friðrik Sigurðsson to rob and murder him, afterwards setting fire to his house in an ultimately futile effort to conceal their crimes. Of course, Kent encourages us to read between the lines of how and why this set of circumstances played out.
While Burial Rites moves slowly – undoubtedly too slowly for many readers’ tastes – and hopscotches across perspectives, I was impressed by Kent’s careful use of detail in depicting the characters. The example that sticks in my mind is the District Commissioner (the District Officer’s boss). He is described as being ‘repelled’ by the Icelandic peasants’ ‘hovels’, and he insists on his full title being used in conversation – immediately giving the distinct impression that he is a self-important arsehole.
That attention to detail expands beyond the characters, too, to the rhythms and realities of farm life across the seasons in 19th century Iceland. The prioritisation of food and warmth, the rigors of the seasonal workload, and the isolation and insularity of the region are all driving forces in Burial Rites. Kent also uses these tangible details to imply commentary about class and wealth disparity, and the roles of women as both caretakers and scapegoats, without needing to hammer the reader over the head.
(There’s also quite a bit of animal slaughter, and one brief mention of an awful dog death, as well as the eventual reveal of the gruesome human murders – so beware if you’re particularly sensitive to any of that.)
Burial Rites is an intense read, and I’d imagine that its gradual pace and heavy reliance on Icelandic phrases and saga stories will be off-putting to some readers – but if you enjoyed Margaret Atwood’s Alias Grace, you’re in for a treat with this one.
Read Burial Rites on audiobook via Libro.fm here.
My favourite Amazon reviews of Burial Rites:
- “Perhaps the sources Kent used mentioned the affairs between characters and the hinted-at attraction between the priest and the condemned, but all the sex seemed trite in a world where people might not survive a snowstorm.” – Momof4girls
- “frankly, I’d rather have been beheaded than read another page.” – L Bellamy
- “Schadenfreudeans rejoice – this one’s for you!” – The archaeologist
- “Burial Rites reaks of stink, blood, and death. The pace is that of slow hot piss.” – Desert Studio Art Co.









